With summer in full swing for residents of the Northern Hemisphere, a dermatologist from Cleveland Clinic is reminding people to be aware of the dangers of sunburn and to seek medical attention when necessary.
While most people are aware of the long-term risks of sun exposure, like skin cancer, Dr. Amy Kassouf, MD, a dermatologist at Cleveland Clinic, highlights the immediate health risks associated with severe sunburn.
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Which sunburn requires medical attention
Dr. Kassouf explains that a small area of first-degree sunburn typically doesn't require a doctor's visit. However, as the skin reacts to UV radiation, more concerning symptoms can develop.
When to see a healthcare provider
According to Dr. Kassouf, there are several instances when seeking medical attention is crucial. These include:
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Large areas of first-degree sunburn: This increases the risk of developing heat-related illness.
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Blistered skin: This indicates deeper skin damage and raises the risk of infection.
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Symptoms of dehydration or sickness: Look out for fever, chills, faintness, or dark-colored urine.
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Sunburn and Its Potential Health Complications
Dr. Kassouf compares sunburns to thermal burns but emphasizes that sunburns damage a person's DNA more extensively.
Here's a breakdown of potential health complications from severe sunburn:
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Dehydration: Badly burned skin loses moisture, leading to dehydration. Symptoms include dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, and confusion.
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Sun poisoning: This is similar to an allergic reaction to sunburn, causing inflammation, chills, nausea, and a rash.
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Heat exhaustion: Severe sunburn can lead to heat exhaustion even in moderate temperatures. Signs include fatigue, dizziness, thirst, and headache.
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Heatstroke: This is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body can't regulate its temperature. Symptoms include confusion, slurred speech, seizures, and very high body temperature.
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Infection: Broken blisters can increase the risk of infection, indicated by redness, swelling, pus, and fever.
Protection beyond shade
Shade alone isn't enough to prevent sunburn. People should take preventative measures such as wearing sun-protective clothing, hats, and sunscreen.
By recognizing the dangers of sunburn and seeking medical attention when necessary, people can enjoy the summer safely.